https://dacnote.cn/index.php/category/lingo/ 关于语言学习的思考 https://dacnote.cn/index.php/archives/31/ 2025-12-16T22:55:00+08:00 大学老师应不应该把课件分享给学生？近日有网友讨论，大学老师是否应该将课件分享给学生。反对者的理由主要有两点：一是担心学生拿到 PPT 后上课不再认真听讲，二是担心课件被学生售卖，侵犯教师的知识产权。在我看来，这两种担忧都经不起细究。首先，“不分享是为了让学生听讲”这一前提本身就有问题。它隐含的逻辑是：学生之所以听课，是因为无法获取课程内容。这是一种以信息封闭维持课堂秩序的思路。但在大学教育中，课堂的价值不应建立在“不给资料”之上。如果一门课的核心内容完全等同于 PPT，那么即便学生全程到场，其学习效果也值得怀疑。学生不听讲，通常源于课程本身或教学方式的问题，而非是否提前拿到了课件。至于“课件会被拿去卖钱”的担忧，更像是被放大的极端情形。真正具有商业价值的课件并不多，而有能力和意愿售卖课件的学生更是少数。不能因为极低概率的违规行为，就对所有学生采取防范式限制。知识产权问题从来不是“给不给”的问题，而是“如何规范使用”的问题。更何况，互联网上早已有大量高质量、免费公开的大学课程资源。对学生而言，课件的作用不是替代课堂，而是提高学习效率。它有助于学生在课前建立框架、在课后快速复习，减少低效的抄写时间，把精力更多放在理解和思考上。尤其在理论密度较高的课程中，边听边誊写往往是最低效的学习方式。因此，我认为大学老师应该分享幻灯片。不是因为学生一定自律，而是因为大学课堂不该依赖“藏资料”来证明自身价值。Should University Lecturers Share Their Slides with Students?An online discussion recently asked whether university lecturers should share their lecture slides with students. Opponents usually raise two concerns: that students will stop paying attention in class, and that slides may be resold, violating intellectual property. Both concerns, however, are weak upon closer examination.The idea that slides should be withheld to keep students attentive assumes that students attend lectures mainly because they lack access to the material. This is an attempt to sustain classroom engagement through information control. In higher education, however, the value of a lecture should not depend on restricted access. If a course can be reduced entirely to what appears on slides, then attendance alone is unlikely to produce meaningful learning. Student disengagement is more often caused by uninspiring content or ineffective teaching, not by access to slides.Concerns about slides being resold are similarly overstated. Few slide decks have real commercial value, and even fewer students have both the incentive and ability to sell them. It makes little sense to restrict all students because of a highly unlikely misuse by a small minority. Intellectual property is a matter of regulation, not justification for withholding materials. Moreover, the abundance of high-quality, freely available university course materials online already challenges the idea that educational value depends on secrecy.For students, slides are not meant to replace lectures but to improve learning efficiency. They help students build a framework before class, review key points afterward, and avoid inefficient note-taking. In theory-heavy courses, trying to listen and transcribe simultaneously is often counterproductive.For these reasons, lecturers should share their slides—not because students are guaranteed to be disciplined, but because a university classroom should not rely on withholding materials to justify its existence. https://dacnote.cn/index.php/archives/17/ 2025-08-25T10:28:00+08:00 昨天看了电影 Soldier's Girl， 发现中译字幕有两处明显的硬伤，一面感激字幕组网友为爱发电，一面又为只能通过译文了解剧情的同学感到遗憾，可能还带有一些窃喜，幸好自己不属于刚才提到的那类同学。要是放在两三年前我问自己关于学习外语的意义的问题，我会回答为了和外国友人交流，为了介绍中国给世界，为了成为一名职业译者，和书和文字打交道。随着这个理想的褪色，我变得更实际、更接近现实一点，学外语就是为了看懂电影。在电影中，Barry 参加 Calpernia 的聚会，临别的时候两人有如下对话：Calpernia：I'm glad you came.Barry：Me too, thanks for inviting me. I'd like to see you again. Calpernia：Oh no, no. That's very nice. But the bars in Nashville are full of girls. Barry: Yeah, but you are not like other girls. Calpernia：That's an understatement.关于最后一个单词 understatement, 朗文在线词典这样解释[countable] a statement that is not strong enough to express how good, bad, impressive etc something really is代入这个情景： Barry 说“你和别的女孩不一样”，Calpernia 回答“那你可说轻了呢。”是对 Barry 的肯定，只是程度上觉得 Barry 说轻了，如果要补上一句那可能是“那我可和她们太不一样了。”当然补上又会很过头，也不符合语言的经济性。Calpernia 作为一个 trans woman，她有着很不一样的成长经历，遭受过不理解、嘲笑、歧视、谩骂......因此才会这么说。而中文字幕译为“说不准”，完全是一句模棱两可的回应，丧失了内涵。再看另一处，两个长官在跑步时提到 Winchell，中文字幕的译文简直不知所云，更容易让观众对人物产生错误的理解。黑人长官说“Winchell's come a long way. Let it rest.” 这里用到的 have come a long way 朗文在线词典解释说have come a long way to have made a lot of progress更准确的翻译该是“Winchell 这阵子长进不少，这事就算了吧。”表扬被翻译成了贬低，完全不符合这个长官在片中的形象。当然可能这些字幕都是网友为爱发电制作的，有小错是可以理解的。成熟的观众也不应该因有偏差的翻译扭曲了对影片的理解，由此便有了标题——学外语是为了看懂电影。